Philosophy 101
Study questions: Hume's Dialogues... Parts X and XI
1. In Part X, Philo and Demea begin by discussing the prevalence
of misery in human life
and more generally in the universe as a
whole. What is Philo's purpose in emphasizing
misery in this way? (How does
Demea's purpose differ?)
2. In what way does the presence of misery (or evil) in the world
present a problem for
Cleanthes' argument? How does
Cleanthes try to address this challenge?
3. In Part XI, Philo refers to what he takes to be "four
circumstances" that he thinks are
responsible for most human misery
(66). What are these four, and what conclusion
does he draw from his discussion of
them?
4. Philo argues that the presence of evil in the world presents a
particular problem for
Cleanthes' argument from design.
Why is this? How do you think Cleanthes might
best try to address this problem?