Philosophy 230
Study Questions: Arras, "The Severely Demented, Minimally
Functional Patient"
1. Arras suggests that the first step in treatment decisions
involving patients like Mrs. Smith
is thinking about "what the patient
would want" (421). What are the two sources he
discusses that might provide evidence
for patients' wishes? What problems does he
raise for these sources?
2. What conclusion does Arras reach in the case of Mrs. Jones,
and how does he defend
that conclusion? Why does he
think that the "best-interest" standard is of little help
in such cases?
3. What difficulties does Arras find for applying the
"best-interest' model in the case of Mrs.
Smith. What is his "procedural
solution?"
4. What is one important objection that someone might raise
against Arras' analysis of cases like
Mrs. Smith? How might Arras
best respond to this objection?