2012-13 Idaho State University Undergraduate Catalog

Idaho State University Undergraduate Catalog 2012-2013


Department of Biological Sciences

Chair: Vacant
Assistant Chair for Undergraduate Programs and Professor: Scalarone
Assistant Chair for Graduate Programs and Professor: Rose
Professors: C. Anderson, Bowyer, Delehanty, Finney, Keeley, Peterson, Rodnick, Sheridan, R. Smith, Winston
Associate Professors: Baxter, Bearden, DeVeaux, Groome, Hill, Kelchner, Magnuson, Meldrum, Pfau McClellan, Thomas, Williams
Clinical Associate Professor:  Galindo
Assistant Professors: Aho, Cretekos, Evilia, Lohse, Loxterman, Pilarski, Weber
Visiting Assistant Professor:  Placek
Technical Instructional Designer: C. Bunde
Associate Lecturers: Crandall, Frank
Assistant Lecturers: Black, Harmon, Shurley
Emeriti: Akersten, R. Anderson, Bowmer, Farrell, Griffith, Holte, House, Inouye, Linder, J. McCune, R. McCune, W. Minshall, F. Rose, Seeley, Spall, Spiegel, Stephens, Streubel, Trost, Tullis

 Faculty Information    
 Department Web Page   
See Degrees    
See Minors   

See Courses   

 

 


The Department of Biological Sciences is transititoning from offering 7 Bachelor's degrees to offering four undergraduate degrees: the B.A. in Biology, the B.S. in Biochemistry, (a joint program with the Department of Chemistry and the Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences), the B.S. in Biology, and the B.S. in Microbiology. The B.S. degrees in Botany, Ecology, and Zoology are proposed to be discontinued in 2012-13. Within each of the four remaining degrees, students select an area of concentration.  Within each of these degrees, students select an area of concentration.  Each undergraduate degree program is designed to prepare students with a distinct set of knowledge and skills that will serve as the foundation for a technical or scientific career, further graduate studies, professional schools in a variety of human and animal health fields, or as biology educators.  Students should meet with an advisor early in their program to select the most appropriate major and concentration. 

 

Bachelor of Arts in Biology

The B.A. in Biology is designed for students who want to pursue either teacher certification in biology or a career where skills and knowledge of natural history (outdoor or environmental education, interpretation, identification, field studies) are desirable.  The B.A. has fewer courses in Chemistry, Physics, and Mathematics than the B.S. in Biology, and more upper division electives, providing students with greater latitude to design their own program of study.  Students who pursue the B.A. in Biology will not meet the minimum requirements for admission to most graduate research programs in biological sciences or professional programs in the health sciences.

 

The B.A. degree requires that students complete all of the General Education goals.


Required Courses:
BIOL 1101,1101L		Biology I, and Lab    		4 cr 
BIOL 1102,1102L		Biology II, and Lab		4 cr
BIOL 2206,2207		Cell Biology, and Lab		4 cr
BIOL 2209,2209L		General Ecology, and Lab	4 cr
BIOL 3358		Genetics			3 cr
BIOL 4417		Organic Evolution		3 cr
BIOL 4491, 4492		Seminars    			2 cr

Required Supporting Science Courses:

MATH 1160		Applied Calculus		3 cr
OR
MATH 1153 Introduction to Statistics 3 cr
CHEM 1111,1111L General Chemistry I, and Lab 5 cr
CHEM 1112,1112L General Chemistry II,and Lab 4 cr


Concentrations in the Bachelor of Arts in Biology

Biology Education
Natural History

Concentration in Biology Education

(Idaho teacher preparation requires 45 credits of Biology in the Single Subject Major)

Students in the B.A. in Biology program with the Concentration in Biology Education may complete the requirements for teacher certification by completing the Professional Education Core and other required courses in the College of Education. Such students must apply for admission to the Teacher Education program (see Catalog, College of Education for details).

 

In addition to completing the Required Core courses and the General Education requirements, students earning a B.A. in Biology in the Biological Education concentration must complete the following requirements.

 

Required Courses:

BIOL 2221,2221L		Introduction to Microbiology,
			and Lab    			4 cr
BIOL 4413    		Biology Teaching Methods    	3 cr

 

Required Electives: :

At least 2 courses from Animal Biology list below    	6-8 cr 
At least 2 courses from Plant Biology list below    	6-8 cr
Biology Electives (any Biology course, 
to meet 45 credits minimum) 2-4 cr

Animal Biology Courses:

BIOL 3304		Comparative Vertebrate
Morphology and Physiology 5 cr
BIOL 3304L Vertgebrate Morphology and
Physiology Lab 0 cr

BIOL 3310, 3310L Invertebrate Zoology,
and Lab 4 cr
BIOL 3310,3310L    	Invertebrate Zoology, and Lab	4 cr
BIOL 3314,3314L    	Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy, 
and Lab    4 cr
BIOL 4423     		General Parasitology     	3 cr
BIOL 4426,4426L    	Herpetology, and Lab    	4 cr
BIOL 4427,4427L    	Ichthyology, and Lab    	4 cr
BIOL 4431,4431L    	General Entomology, and Lab    	4 cr
BIOL 4438    		Ornithology    			4 cr
BIOL 4441,4441L    	Mammalogy, and Lab    		4 cr
BIOL 4459,4459L    	Fish Ecology, and Lab    	4 cr
BIOL 4462,4462L    	Freshwater Ecology, and Lab	4 cr
BIOL 4495    		Animal Behavior    		4 cr

Plant Biology Courses:

BIOL 2213 	   	Fall Flora    			2 cr
BIOL 2214    		Spring Flora    		2 cr
BIOL 4412,4412L    	Systematic Botany, and Lab    	4 cr
BIOL 4404,4404L    	Plant Physiology, and Lab    	3 cr
BIOL 4405,4405L    	Plant Form and Function, 
    			and Lab    			4 cr
BIOL 4408,4408L    	Plant Ecology, and Lab    	3 cr
BIOL 4442    		Plant and Animal Interactions	3 cr

Concentration in Natural History

Students in the B.A. in Biology program with the Concentration in Natural History should meet with an advisor to select the most appropriate courses for their interests.  Students in this program may consider a Minor in another program, such as Outdoor Education (see the College of Education, Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, for details) or Geology (see College of Science and Engineering, Department of Geosciences for details).

In addition to completing the Required Core courses and the General Education requirements, students earning a B.A. in Biology in the Natural History concentration must complete the following requirements.

Required Electives:

Diversity, Ecology, and Evolution Courses:

At least 2 courses with Animal emphasis			7-8 cr
At least 2 courses with Plant emphasis 7-8 cr

Biology Electives (any Biology course)

At least 3 courses in Biology				8-10 cr

Suggested supporting courses from other departments: 

GEOL 1100		The Dynamic Earth		3 cr
OR
GEOL 1101 Physical Geology 3 cr
HIST/MUSE 4411 Introduction to Museum Studies 2 cr
PE 3386 Outdoor Leadership 2 cr
PE 4440 Survey of Outdoor Education
Literature 2 cr
PE 4445 Methods of Teaching Outdoor
Activities and Practicum 4 cr





Bachelor of Science in Biochemistry

Three Departments--Biological Sciences, Chemistry, and Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences--jointly offer the B.S. degree in Biochemistry. The curriculum is designed to prepare the student for graduate work in biochemistry and related fields, as well as for admission to medical, dental, or other health professional schools. The graduate also is prepared to go directly into research or industrial positions which require preparation only at the B.S. level.

The purpose of the B.S. in Biochemistry is to serve students who seek to develop a strong background in biochemistry and the supporting sciences of biology, chemistry and physics.  Majors also gain experience in the broad areas of biochemistry, molecular biology, biotechnology, and medical and/or ecological applications of each.  Majors gain experience that will prepare them to participate in research development, planning and implementation and to be competent to carry out standard biochemical and molecular biology techniques in the laboratory.  The B.S. in Biochemistry prepares students to be competitive for positions in research, graduate schools, health profession schools, and in the biotechnology industry.

Core Requirements*

Students pursuing a Bachelor of Science degree must satisfy goals 1 and 2, two of goals 6, 7, and 8, and three of goals 9, 10, 11, and 12.  Goal 10 may be satisfied by either 10A or 10B.  Students must also satisfy the core requirements listed below, the requirements for one of the Biochemistry tracks, and 9 credits of elective courses in Biology, Chemistry, and Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences.  All graduates of this program will earn a B.S. in Biochemistry, irrespective of which track is selected.
BIOL 1101, 1101L
Biology I, and Lab 4 cr
BIOL 1102, 1102L
Biology II, and Lab 4 cr
BIOL 2235 General Microbiology 4 cr
BIOL 3358 Genetics 3 cr
BIOL 4437/CHEM 4438
Experimental Biochemistry 1 cr

BIOL 4444,4444L Cell and Molecular Biology, and Lab 5 cr
BIOL/CHEM 4445
Biochemistry I 3 cr
BIOL/CHEM 4447
Biochemistry II 3 cr
BIOL/CHEM 4498 Seminar in Biochemistry 1 cr
CHEM 1111, 1111L
General Chemistry I, and Lab 5 cr
CHEM 1112, 1112L
General Chemistry II, and Lab 4 cr
CHEM 2232, 2234 Quantitative Analysis, and Lab 4 cr
CHEM 3301, 3303 Organic Chemistry I, and Lab 4 cr
CHEM 3302, 3304 Organic Chemistry II, and Lab 4 cr
CHEM 3341** Topics in Physical Chemistry I 3 cr
CHEM 3342** Topics in Physical Chemistry II 3 cr
MATH 1170 Calculus I 4 cr
MATH 1175 Calculus II 4 cr
PHYS 1111, 1113***
General Physics I, and Lab 4 cr
PHYS 1112, 1114***
General
Physics II, and Lab 4 cr
Subtotal: 71 cr

General Education Requirements 24 cr
TOTAL: 95 cr
*Students must pass core courses with a grade of C- or better.
**May elect to take CHEM 3351and 3352 instead of CHEM 3341 and 3342.  
*** PHYS 2211, 2212, 2213, 2214 may be taken to fulfill the Physics requirement in the core curriculum.


Concentration Requirements

Students must satisfy the requirements for one of the biochemistry concentrations listed below. All graduates will earn a B.S. in Biochemistry, irrespective of which concentration is selected.
Concentration 1: Biological Chemistry 
CHEM 2211, 2213	Inorganic Chemistry, and Lab		4 cr
CHEM 3331, 3334 Instrumental Analysis, and Lab 4 cr
CHEM 4491 Seminar 1 cr
PSCI 3301 Introduction to Pharmacology 3 cr
BIOL 4492 Seminar 1 cr

Concentration 2: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
BIOL 3302 and 3302L; 3304 and 3304L; 4404 and 4404L; or 4433 and 4433L
Human, Animal, Plant, or Microbial
Physiology, and Lab 4 cr
BIOL 4461 Advanced Genetics 3 cr
BIOL 4492 Seminar
1 cr

Concentration 3: Physiological Biochemistry 
BIOL 3302,3302L Anatomy and Physiology, and Lab		4 cr	
OR
BIOL 3304,3304L Comparative Vertebrate Morphology
and Physiology, and Lab 5 cr
PSCI 3301 Introduction to Pharmacology 3 cr
BIOL 4492 Seminar 1 cr

Electives

Students must take a minimum of 9 elective credits from the list below, with at least 3 credits in Biological Sciences (BIOL), 3 credits in Chemistry (CHEM), and 3 credits in Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences (PSCI).  Advanced or experimental courses are acceptable.  These courses satisfy the electives requirement only if they are not required for a chosen Biochemistry concentration.

Courses in Biological Sciences

BIOL 3301, 3301L Anatomy and Physiology, and Lab	4 cr
BIOL 3302, 3302L Anatomy
and Physiology, and Lab 4 cr
BIOL 3304, 3304L Comparative Vertebrate Morphology
and Physiology, and Lab 5 cr
BIOL 3324, 3324L Developmental Biology, and Lab 4 cr
BIOL 4404 Plant Physiology 4 cr
BIOL 4415, 4415L Human Neurobiology, and Lab 5 cr
BIOL 4417 Organic Evolution 3 cr
BIOL 4433, 4433L Microbial Physiology, and Lab 4 cr
BIOL 4434, 4434L Microbial Diversity, and Lab 4 cr
BIOL 4443 Endocrinology 3 cr
BIOL 4449, 4449R/PHAR 9949, 9949R
Human Physiology, and Recitation 4 cr
BIOL 4451, 4451L Immunology, and Lab 4 cr
BIOL 4456, 4456R/PHAR9956,9956R
Human Physiology II, and Recitation 4 cr
BIOL 4461 Advanced Genetics 3 cr
BIOL 4463, 4463L Human Pathophysiology, and Lab 4 cr
BIOL 4473, 4473L Applied and Environmental Microbiology,
and Lab 4 cr
BIOL 4475 General Virology 3 cr
BIOL 4477 Bacterial Virology Lab 1 cr
OR
BIOL 4478 Animal Virology Lab 1 cr
BIOL 4481/4482 Independent Problems (max) 2 cr
BIOL 4488 Advanced Radiobiology 3 cr

Courses in Chemistry and Mathematics

CHEM 2211, 2213	 Inorganic Chemistry, and Lab		4 cr
CHEM 3311, 3312 Introduction to Research (max) 2 cr
CHEM 3331, 3334 Instrumental Analysis, and Lab 4 cr
CHEM 3365, 3366 Synthetic Methods, and Lab 4 cr
CHEM 4407* Inorganic Chemistry II 2 cr
CHEM 4433, 4437 Environmental Chemistry, and Lab 3 cr
CHEM 4453** Modern Experimental Physical Chemistry 3 cr
CHEM 4481, 4482 Independent Problems (max) 2 cr
MATH 2240 Linear Algebra 3 cr
MATH 2275 Calculus III 4 cr
MATH 3360 Differential Equations 3 cr

Courses in  Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

PSCI 2205	 Drugs in Society			2 cr
PSCI 3301 Introduction to Pharmacology 3 cr
PSCI 3308 Drug Discovery 3 cr
PSCI 3353 Introduction to Methods
in Pharmaceutical Sciences 2 cr
PSCI 3368 Introduction to Toxicology 3 cr
PSCI 4402 Immunopharmacology 2 cr
PSCI 4403 Infectious Diseases
and Natural Products 3 cr
PSCI 4407 Pharmacogenomics 2 cr
PSCI 4408 Medicinal Chemistry 3 cr
PSCI 4431 Cancer Biology 3 cr
PSCI 4434 Pharmacokinetics 3 cr
PSCI 4440 Fundamentals of Nanoscience 3 cr
*Prerequisites include CHEM 2211, CHEM 2213, CHEM 3351, and CHEM 3352. 
**Prerequisites include CHEM 3334, CHEM  3351, and CHEM 3352.


Bachelor of Science in Biology

The purpose of the B.S. in Biology is to serve students who have a broad interest in the biological sciences and who seek substantial flexibility in the development of their own programs.  This degree fosters, in students, knowledge and understanding of major concepts in the discipline as well as the processes of scientific investigation.  Students served by this Major are those interested in preparing for a career in biology, ecology, conservation or natural history, entering a health related professional program (i.e. physician assistant, occupational therapist, medical doctor etc.), certifying to teach in public schools, or developing a variety of laboratory skills.  The B.S. in Biology requires significant exposure to biological sciences, as well as concepts in math and the physical sciences, while providing a large number of electives.  The consequence is an understanding of the biological sciences and the flexibility and opportunity to specialize in areas of interest to students.

 

Core Requirements:

Students pursuing the BS degree must satisfy General Education goals 1 and 2, two of goals 6, 7, and 8 and three of goals 9, 10, 11, and 12.  Goal 10 may be satisfied with by either 10A or 10B.  Students must also satisfy the core requirements listed below and the requirements of one of the concentrations in biology.  All graduates of this degree program will earn a BS in Biology, regardless of the concentration selected..


BIOL 1101,1101L   	Biology I, and Lab 		4 cr 
BIOL 1102,1102L   Biology II, and Lab 4 cr

BIOL 2206,2207*     Cell Biology and Lab 4 cr
BIOL 2209,2209L   General Ecology, and Lab 4 cr
BIOL 3316 Biometry Laboratory 1 cr
BIOL 3358 Genetics 3 cr
BIOL 4417       Organic Evolution 3 cr

BIOL 4491,4492    Seminars                        2 cr

MATH 1160 Applied Calculus 3 cr
MATH 3350 Statistical Methods 3 cr
CHEM 1111,1111L General Chemistry I, and Lab 5 cr
CHEM 1112,1112L  General Chemistry II, and Lab 4 cr

CHEM 3301,3303   Organic Chemistry I, and Lab 4 cr

PHYS 1111,1113    General Physics I, and Lab 4 cr

Choose two of the following for a minimum of 7 credits: 

CHEM 3302,3304		Organic Chemistry II, and Lab	4 cr
PHYS 1112,1114 General Physics II, and Lab 4 cr
BIOL 4432 Biochemistry 3 cr

*BIOL 2235, 2235L General Microbiology and Lab may substitute for BIOL 2206, 2207 in the ECB and IOB concentrations, but not in the BMS concentration. Students in the BMS concentration must take BIOL 2206, 2207.  


Concentrations in the Bachelor of Science in Biology

Biomedical Sciences (BMS)
Ecology and Conservation Biology (ECB)
Integrative Organismal Biology (IOB)


Concentration in Biomedical Sciences (BMS)

The concentration in Biomedical Sciences (BMS) focuses on developing an understanding of the key disciplines that serve as the foundation for biomedical sciences.  This includes substantial coursework in chemistry and physics, as well as electives in mammalian anatomy and physiology, development, and neurobiology.  The BMS concentration prepares students for graduate studies in biomedical research as well as admission to medical, dental, and veterinary and other health professional programs (pharmacy, physician assistant, optometry, podiatry).

 

In addition to completing the core requirements, students in the BMS concentration have the opportunity to select from a broad range of physiology, anatomy, and biomedical courses.

Biomedical Sciences Requirements:

 

Anatomy and Physiology:

BIOL 3301,3301L		Anatomy and Physiology I, 
and Lab 4 cr
BIOL 3302,3302L		Anatomy and Physiology II, 
and Lab                4 cr
                   OR
BIOL 3304, 3304L	Comparative Vertebrate
Morphology and Physiology 5 cr

 Upper Division BMS Electives:

Select a minimum of 12 credits from following:

 

BIOL 3305		Introduction to Pathobiology	3 cr
BIOL 3324,3324L		Developmental Biology,and Lab4 cr
BIOL 4400,4400L		Oral Histology and Embryology, 
and Lab* 3 cr
BIOL 4415		Human Neurobiology		4 cr
BIOL 4419,4419L		Mammalian Histology, and Lab*	4 cr
BIOL 4423		General Parasitology		3 cr
BIOL 4432		Biochemistry			3 cr
BIOL 4437		Experimental Biochemistry	1 cr
BIOL 4433,4432L		Microbial Physiology, and Lab	4 cr
BIOL 4440,4440L		Human Gross Anatomy, and Lab*	4 cr
BIOL 4443		Endocrinology			3 cr
BIOL 4444,4444L		Cell and Molecular Biology, 
and Lab 5 cr
BIOL 4449		Human Physiology I*		3 cr
BIOL 4450,4450L		Head and Neck Anatomy, and Lab*	3 cr
BIOL 4451,4451L		Immunology and Lab		4 cr
BIOL 4455		Pathogenic Microbiology		3 cr
BIOL 4456		Human Physiology II*		4 cr
BIOL 4463,4463L		Human Pathophysiology, and Lab*	4 cr
BIOL 4466		Medical Mycology		3 cr
BIOL 4470		Cross-sectional Anatomy*	2 cr
BIOL 4475		General Virology		3 cr
BIOL 4486,4486L         Human Systemic Physiology, 
and Lab*   5 cr
BIOL 4481 or 4482       Independent Problems		1-4 cr

 

*indicates limited enrollment for undergraduates

BIOL 4432 Biochemistry and BIOL 3324 Developmental Biology are strongly recommended as these are often required by Medical, Dental, and Veterinary schools.

 

Microbiology:

BIOL 2221,2221L		Introductory Microbiology, 
and Lab 4 cr          OR
BIOL 2235,2235L		General Microbiology, and Lab	4 cr

Total BMS Concentration Requirements:

Anatomy and Physiology					5-8 cr
BMS Electives						12 cr
Microbiology						4 cr
Minimum Total    					21-24 cr
Core Requirements					79-80 cr
Total           					100-104 cr



Concentration in Ecology and Conservation Biology  (ECB)

The concentration in Ecology and Conservation Biology (ECB) is for students who seek to understand the fundamental principles of ecology and their applications, with an emphasis on field studies. The ECB concentration prepares students for graduate studies in ecology or applied ecology, and careers in land and resource management (e.g. Bureau of Land Management, US Forest Service, Idaho Department of Fish and Game), environmental studies (e.g.Environmental Protection Agency, US Geological Survey, Department of Environmental Quality), and positions with conservation organizations (e.g. The Nature Conservancy, US Fish and Wildlife Service, World Wildlife Federation).  The concentration allows students to select a variety of courses in plant and animal diversity, field biology, and evolution.

 

In addition to completing the core requirements, students in the ECB concentration have the opportunity to select from a broad range of ecology, diversity, and evolution courses.  The concentration requires taxonomic breadth including at least 6 credits of plant biology and 6 credits of animal biology emphasis courses.

 

Ecology and Conservation Biology Concentration Requirements

 

Field Research

BIOL 4489		Field Ecology			4 cr
             OR
BIOL 4493		Senior Thesis			4 cr

 

Ecology Courses

Select a minimum of 8 credits from the following:

 

BIOL 1192		Careers in Ecology 
and Conservation Biology    1 cr
BIOL 3337		Conservation Biology		3 cr
BIOL 4408		Plant Ecology			3 cr
BIOL 4416,4416L		Population Ecology, and Lab	4 cr
BIOL 4418		Ecological Topics		1 cr
BIOL 4442		Plant and Animal Interactions	3 cr  
BIOL 4459,4459L		Fish Ecology, and Lab		4 cr
BIOL 4462,4462L		Freshwater Ecology, and Lab	4 cr
BIOL 4495		Animal Behavior			4 cr

 

Diversity or Evolutionary Courses

Select a minimum of 8 credits from the following:

 

BIOL 2213 		Fall Flora			2 cr
BIOL 2214		Spring Flora			2 cr
BIOL 3310,3310L		Invertebrate Zoology, and Lab	4 cr
BIOL 4406,4406L		Plant Diversity and Evolution,
and Lab 4 cr
BIOL 4412,4412L		Systematic Botany, and Lab	4 cr
BIOL 4423		General Parasitology		3 cr
BIOL 4426,4426L 	Herpetology, and Lab		4 cr
BIOL 4427,4427L		Ichthyology, and Lab		4 cr
BIOL 4431,4431L 	General Entomology, and Lab	4 cr
BIOL 4434,4434L		Microbial Diversity, and Lab	4 cr
BIOL 4438		Ornithology			4 cr
BIOL 4441,4441L 	Mammalogy, and Lab		4 cr

 

Biology Electives

Students must fulfill a minimum of an additional 3 credits of biology electives for which they can select any course in Biology.

 

Total ECB Concentration Requirements

Field Research Experience				4 cr
Ecology Courses						8 cr
Diversity or Evolutionary Courses			8 cr
Biology Electives					3 cr
Minimum Total						23 cr
Core Requirements					79-80 cr
Total							102-103 cr

 

 

Concentration in Integrative Organismal Biology (IOB)

The concentration in Integrative Organismal Biology (IOB) focuses on understanding of the key disciplines that serve as the foundation of organismal biology: anatomy, physiology, behavior, and diversity, and electives in a variety of integrative biology courses. Students may select either an animal or a plant focus, or a combination. The IOB concentration prepares students for graduate studies in various fields of organismal biology (physiology, botany, zoology, evolution, ecology, behavior). 

In addition to completing the core requirements, students in the IOB concentration have the opportunity to select from a broad range of physiology, anatomy, and diversity courses.
Anatomy, Physiology, and Development Courses--Select a minimum of 8 credits from the following:

BIOL 3301,3301L    	Anatomy and Physiology I, and Lab	4 cr
BIOL 3302,3302L    Anatomy and Physiology II, and Lab 4 cr
BIOL 3304,3304L Comparative Vertebrate Morphology
and Physiology, and Lab    5 cr
BIOL 3324,3324L Developmental Biology, and Lab 4 cr
BIOL 4404     Plant Physiolog    3 cr
BIOL 4405,4405L    Plant Form and Function, and Lab 4 cr
BIOL 4419,4419L Mammalian Histology, and Lab    4 cr
BIOL 4432     Biochemistry     3 cr
BIOL 4443     Endocrinology    3 cr
BIOL 4464     Lectures in Human Physiology    4 cr

Diversity or Evolutionary Courses--Select a minimum of 8 credits from the following:

BIOL 2213   		Fall Flora    				2 cr 
BIOL 2214     Spring Flora    2 cr
BIOL 3310,3310L    	Invertebrate Zoology, and Lab    	4 cr
BIOL 4406,4406L    	Plant Diversity and Evolution, and Lab	4 cr 
BIOL 4412,4412L    	Systematic Botany, and Lab    		4 cr
BIOL 4423     		General Parasitology     		3 cr
BIOL 4426,4426L     	Herpetology, and Lab    		4 cr
BIOL 4427,4427L     	Ichthyology, and Lab    		4 cr
BIOL 4431,4431L     	General Entomology, and Lab    		4 cr
BIOL 4434,4434L     	Microbial Diversity, and Lab    	4 cr
BIOL 4438     		Ornithology    				4 cr
BIOL 4441,4441L     	Mammalogy, and Lab    			4 cr    
BIOL 4442     Plant and Animal Interactions    3 cr
BIOL 4495    		Animal Behavior    			4 cr

Biology Electives
Students must fulfill a minimum of an additional 8 credits of biology electives for which they can select any course in Biology.

Total IOB Concentration Requirements

Anatomy, Physiology, or Development courses   			8 cr
Diversity or Evolutionary Courses     				8 cr
Biology Electives        					8 cr
Minimum Total        						24 cr
Core Requirements    						79-80 cr
Total        							103-104 cr



Bachelor of Science in Botany

The B.S. degree in Botany is designed to prepare students for professional and graduate schools. These majors incorporate the biology, chemistry, mathematics, and physics required to meet the admission requirements of most graduate and professional schools. Included in these programs are the General Education Requirements as well as electives which permit considerable breadth in training.

The purpose of the B.S. in Botany is to serve students who seek to develop a strong background in the core areas of Plant Sciences.  Majors receive advance training in specific fields of study to provide experiences that are professionally relevant. The B.S. in botany major is recommended to students who plan careers related to the biology of plants, including areas like plant conservation, developmental biology, ecology, evolutionary biology, horticulture, physiology, and systematics. The Botany degree prepares students for direct employment with public agencies and private companies, or for entry into graduate school.

1.  Courses in Biological Sciences

BIOL 1101,1101L 	Biology I, and Lab			4 cr 
BIOL 1102,1102L  Biology II, and Lab 4 cr

BIOL 2206,2207   Cell Biology, and Lab 4 cr

BIOL 2209,2209L  General Ecology, and Lab 4 cr

BIOL 3358        Genetics 3 cr

BIOL 4404,4404L Elements of Plant Physiology, and Lab 4 cr
BIOL 4406,4406L 	Plant Diversity and Evolution, and Lab	4 cr
BIOL 4408,4408L Plant Ecology, and Lab 4 cr
BIOL 4412,4412L Systematic Botany, and Lab 4 cr

BIOL 4417 Organic Evolution 3 cr

BIOL 4491,4492   Seminars 2 cr

And at least 6 credits from the following upper division Botany electives:

BIOL 4405,4405L		Plant Form and Function, and Lab	4 cr
BIOL 4416,4416L		Population Ecology, and Lab		4 cr
BIOL 4442,4442L Plant and Animal Interactions, and Lab 3 cr

BIOL 4489 Field Ecology 4 cr

BIOL 4481,4482  Independent Problems 1-6 cr

BIOL 4493        Senior Thesis 1-4 cr

2.  Courses in Mathematics and Statistics *  

BIOL 3316		Biometry Lab				1 cr
MATH 1160 Applied Calculus 3 cr
MATH 3350       	Statistical Methods			3 cr

3.  Courses in Chemistry and Physics**

CHEM 1111,1111L 	General Chemistry I, and Lab		5 cr 
CHEM 1112,1112L  General Chemistry II, and Lab 4 cr
CHEM 3301,3303  	Organic Chemistry I, and Lab		4 cr 
PHYS 1111,1113  	General Physics I and Lab		4 cr

Notes
* MATH 1160 may be substituted for MATH 1160. MATH 1160 has a prerequisite of MATH 1143. MATH 1170 has a prerequisite of MATH 1147. Prerequisite requirements may be satisfied by the Mathematics placement exam. The requirement for MATH 3350 and BIOL 3316 may be satisfied by taking MGT 2216 and MGT 2217. MATH 1153 does not satisfy this requirement.
** Students planning to apply to graduate programs are advised to take CHEM 3302, 3304 or BIOL 4432, AND PHYS 1112, 1114.
 


Bachelor of Science in Ecology

The Ecology program seeks to develop an understanding of ecological systems and their reactions to perturbations, expertise in problem solving and communication skills, and a solid background in basic ecology and supporting disciplines. The curriculum was designed to meet the needs of students who are interested in environmental assessment, planning, conservation, and work with natural resource management agencies, or of those who wish to pursue advanced training in ecology.

The purpose of the B.S. in Ecology is to serve students who seek to develop a strong background in the fundamental principles of ecology and in more specific fields of study, many of which include the collection and analysis of field data.  The B.S. in Ecology is recommended to students who plan careers in ecology, conservation biology, environmental studies, or resource management.  The B.S. in Ecology prepares students for employment in resource management agencies and private companies as well as for advanced studies at the graduate level.

1. Required Biology Courses:

BIOL 1101,1101L		Biology I, and Lab			4 cr 
BIOL 1102,1102L  Biology II, and Lab 4 cr

BIOL 2206,2207   Cell Biology, and Lab 4 cr

BIOL 3358        Genetics 3 cr

BIOL 4417 Organic Evolution 3 cr

BIOL 4491 or 4492 Senior Seminar 1 cr

2. Required Ecology Courses*,†

BIOL 1192		Ecology Seminar				1 cr 
BIOL 2209,2209L General Ecology and Lab 4 cr

BIOL 4418 Ecological Topics 1-3 cr

BIOL 4489 Field Ecology 4 cr

BIOL 4496        Ecology Senior Seminar 1 cr

Plus two of the following courses:

BIOL 3337		Conservation of Natural Resources	3 cr
BIOL 4408,4408L Plant Ecology, and Lab 4 cr
BIOL 4416,4416L Population Ecology,
and Lab 4 cr
BIOL 4442 Plant and Animal Interactions 3 cr

BIOL 4459,4459L Fish Ecology, and Lab 4 cr

BIOL 4462,4462L Freshwater Ecology, and Lab 4 cr

BIOL 4476,4476L Ecology of Water Pollution, and Lab 4 cr

3. Organismal Biology (Take two of the following courses)†

BIOL 3304, 3304L 	Comparative Vertebrate Morphology
and Physiology, and Lab 5 cr
BIOL 3310,3310L  Invertebrate Zoology, and Lab 4 cr
BIOL 4404,4404L Plant Physiology, and Lab 4 cr

BIOL 4405,4405L Plant Form and Function, and Lab 4 cr
BIOL 4406,4406L 	Plant Diversity and Evolution, and Lab	4 cr
BIOL 4412,4412L 	Systematic Botany, and Lab		4 cr
BIOL 4426,4426L Herpetology, and Lab 4 cr

BIOL 4427,4427L Ichthyology, and Lab 4 cr

BIOL 4431,4431L General Entomology, and Lab 4 cr

BIOL 4435 Vertebrate Paleontology 4 cr

BIOL 4438 Ornithology 4 cr

BIOL 4441,4441L Mammalogy, and Lab 4 cr

BIOL 4495 Animal Behavior 4 cr


4. Required Quantitative Skills Courses†

BIOL 3316 Biometry Lab 1 cr

MATH 3350        Statistical Methods 3 cr
PHYS 1111,1113   General Physics I, and Lab 4 cr

Plus one of the following courses:

GEOL 4403		Introduction to GIS			3 cr 
PHYS 1112        General Physics II 3 cr

MATH 1175        Calculus II (must have MATH 1170) 4 cr
MATH 2240       	Linear Algebra				3 cr
MATH 2287       
Foundations of Mathematics 3 cr

5. Required Supporting Sciences Courses**,***,§

MATH 1160       	Applied Calculus			3 cr 
         OR 
MATH 1170        Calculus I 4 cr
CHEM 1111,1111L 	General Chemistry I, and Lab		5 cr
CHEM 1112,1112L 	General Chemistry II, and Lab		4 cr
CHEM 3301,3303  	Organic Chemistry I, and Lab		4 cr

Plus one of the following courses:

BIOL 4432		Biochemistry (1 semester class)		3 cr
BIOL 4445		Biochemistry I				3 cr
BIOL 4447 Biochemistry II 3 cr

CHEM 3302,3304 Organic Chemistry II, and Lab 4 cr
GEOL 1101,1101L 	Physical Geology, and Lab		4 cr
GEOL 4402 Geomorphology 4 cr

GEOL 4406 Environmental Geology 3 cr

GEOL 4409       Remote Sensing 3 cr

GEOL 4415 Quaternary Geology 4 cr

GEOL 4420 Principles of Geochemistry 3 cr

GEOL 4421 Structural Geology 4 cr

GEOL 4430 Principles of Hydrogeology 3 cr

GEOL 4445 Principles of Geophysics 4 cr

GEOL 4452 Sedimentation–Stratigraphy 3 cr

MATH 1175 Calculus II 4 cr

MATH 2240        Linear Algebra 3 cr

MATH 2287 Discrete Structures 3 cr

PHYS 1112 General Physics II 3 cr

PHYS 4412 Environmental Health Physics 3 cr

Notes:
* It is recommended that additional credits be taken in BIOL 4481-4482, Independent Problems, or BIOL 4493, Senior Thesis, in the area of ecology. A maximum of 8 credits of BIOL 4481 and/or 4482 may be applied to this degree program. ECON 2201 and 2202 are highly recommended (only 3 credits apply toward Goal 11 of the General Education Requirements). In addition, a student should take a minimum of 9 credits in a single area of concentration outside the Biological Sciences Department, e.g. business, computer science, political science.
**Many graduate programs in Ecology, including Idaho State University’s M.S. and Ph.D. programs, require one year of organic chemistry and one year of physics. If you plan to apply to a graduate program, you are advised to include these courses in your undergraduate program. In many cases, a semester of biochemistry can be used in place of the second semester of organic chemistry.
***A class may not be used to satisfy requirements in more than one area (e.g. Calculus II may not be used to satisfy the Quantitative Skills requirement and the Supporting Sciences requirement).
§Students may take MATH 1170 in place of MATH 1160. MATH 1160 has a prerequisite of MATH 1143. MATH 1170 has prerequisites of MATH 1143 and 1144. Prerequisites for both classes can be satisfied by a specific mathematics placement exam score. The requirement for MATH 3350 and BIOL 3316 may be satisfied by taking MGT 2216 and MGT 2217. MATH 1153 does not satisfy this requirement.
†  Credits for BIOL 4481, 4482, 4493, or 4499 can be substituted for courses in categories 2, 3, and 4, subject to approval by the Assistant Chair for Undergraduate Programs.
 


Bachelor of Science in Microbiology

The purpose of the B.S. in Microbiology is to serve students who seek to develop a strong background in microbiology, and in broad areas of molecular biology, biotechnology, and medical and/or ecological applications. Majors gain experiences that prepare them to participate in the development of research plans and their implementation, and to be competent to carry out standard microbiological and molecular biology techniques in the laboratory.  The B.S. in Microbiology prepares students to be competitive for positions in research, graduate schools, health professional schools, and in the biotechnology industry.

Core Requirements 

Students pursuing a Bachelor of Science degree must satisfy goals 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, two of goals 6, 7, and 8, and three of goals 9, 10, 11, and 12.  Goals 3, 4, and 5 are satisfied by courses in the lists below. Goal 10 may be satisfied by either 10A or 10B. Students must also satisfy the core requirements listed below, the requirements for one of the microbiology concentrations, and 6-8 credits of elective courses in Microbiology.  All graduates of this program will earn a B.S. in Microbiology, irrespective of which concentration is selected. 

Courses in Biological Sciences
BIOL 1101,1101L		Biology I, and Lab			4 cr
BIOL 1102,1102L 	Biology II, and Lab			4 cr
BIOL 2235,2235L		General Microbiology, and Lab   	4 cr
BIOL 3358		Genetics				3 cr
BIOL 4432 Biochemistry 3 cr
OR
BIOL 4445 Biochemistry I 3 cr
BIOL 4433,4433L		Microbial Physiology, and Lab		4 cr
BIOL 4434,4434L		Microbial Diversity, and Lab		4 cr
BIOL 4437/CHEM 4438	Experimental Biochemistry		1 cr
BIOL 4444,4444L		Cell and Molecular Biology, and Lab	5 cr
BIOL 4451,4451L		Immunology, and Lab			4 cr
BIOL 4498		Seminar in Biochemistry			1 cr
BIOL 4494		Seminar in Microbiology			1 cr

Courses in Chemistry
CHEM 1111,1111L		General Chemistry I, and Lab		5 cr
CHEM 1112,1112L		General Chemistry II, and Lab		4 cr
CHEM 2232,2234		Quantitative Analysis, and Lab		4 cr
CHEM 3301,3303		Organic Chemistry I, and Lab		4 cr
CHEM 3302,3304		Organic Chemistry II, and Lab		4 cr

Courses in Mathematics*
MATH 1160		Brief Calculus				3 cr
	OR
MATH 1170		Calculus I				4 cr

Courses in Physics
PHYS 1111,1113		General Physics I, and Lab		4 cr
PHYS 1112,1114		General Physics II, and Lab		4 cr


MICROBIOLOGY CONCENTRATION 1:  Molecular Microbiology and Microbial Biochemistry
for students interested in molecular microbiology, microbial biochemistry, industrial microbiology, or environmental microbiology

BIOL/CHEM 4447		Biochemistry II   			3 cr
BIOL 4461		Advanced Genetics			3 cr
BIOL 4473,4473L		Applied and Environmental 
		  	Microbiology, and Lab    		4 cr
Elective courses (from list below) 8 cr


MICROBIOLOGY CONCENTRATION 2:  Medical Microbiology/Pre-Health Professions 
for students interested in medical microbiology, immunology, or the health professions

BIOL 4454		Advanced Immunology    			3 cr
BIOL 4455, 4455L 	Pathogenic Microbiology, and Lab	5 cr
BIOL 4475 General Virology 3 cr
BIOL 4477 or 4478 Bacterial or Animal Virology Lab 1 cr
Elective courses (from list below) 6 cr

Elective Courses
In addition to the core courses and the courses in either Concentration 1 or Concentration 2, students must choose elective credits from the following course list. Courses taken to satisfy the concentration requirements will not count toward the electives requirement.
BIOL 4454		Advanced Immunology			3 cr
BIOL 4455, 4455L Pathogenic Microbiology, and Lab 5 cr
BIOL 4461		Advanced Genetics			3 cr
BIOL 4466  Medical Mycology 3 cr
BIOL 4469		Special Topics in Microbiology		1-4 cr
BIOL 4473, 4473L Applied and Environmental
    		  	Microbiology, and Lab    		4 cr
BIOL 4475		General Virology			3 cr
BIOL 4477 or 4478 Bacterial or Animal Virology Lab 1 cr
BIOL 4481 and/or 4482 Independent Problems (max) 3 cr

Notes:
*Additional courses in Mathematics that are highly recommended for students planning to attend graduate school are MATH 1175 (prerequisite is MATH 1170), 2275, 3330, or 3360.

In order to satisfy the Biochemistry course requirement, students in Concentration 1 must take BIOL/CHEM 4445 (Biochemistry I) and BIOL/CHEM 4447 (Biochemistry II) instead of BIOL 4432.  Students will not receive credit for both BIOL 4432 and the BIOL/CHEM 4445/4447 sequence.






Bachelor of Science in Zoology

The B.S. degrees in Zoology is designed to prepare students for professional and graduate schools. These majors incorporate the biology, chemistry, mathematics, and physics required to meet the admission requirements of most graduate and professional schools. Included in these programs are the General Education Requirements as well as electives which permit considerable breadth in training.

The purpose of the B.S. in Zoology is to serve students who have a broad interest in zoology and who seek to develop a strong background in supporting disciplines. Majors gain substantial exposure to concepts in math and the physical sciences, broad exposure to cell biology, genetics, anatomy, physiology, and animal diversity, and the opportunity to develop strengths in specific disciplines.  This degree fosters knowledge and understanding of major concepts in the discipline as well as the processes of scientific investigation.  The B.S. in  Zoology prepares students to pursue graduate education, to satisfy the admission requirement for health related professional schools, and to develop investigative skills.

Students who complete three years of the curriculum in zoology with a grade point average of 2.5 or higher may be eligible to receive a B.S. degree in zoology after completion of the first year of study at a departmentally approved school of dentistry, or veterinary medicine. Students choosing this option must complete a minimum of 96 credits, satisfy all Idaho State University General Education Requirements, and complete all courses numbered lower than 4000 which are required by the zoology curriculum. Students are advised to consult with the Assistant Chair for Undergraduate Programs of the Department of Biological Sciences or the Pre-health Advisor early in their undergraduate programs if they plan to pursue this program option. Students should be aware that this practice is in decline, and few applicants matriculate into schools of dentistry or veterinary medicine prior to completion of a bachelor’s degree.

Required Courses*, **
BIOL 1101,1101L   Biology I and Lab                     4 cr
BIOL 1102,1102L   Biology II and Lab                    4 cr
BIOL 2206,2207    Cell Biology and Lab                  4 cr
BIOL 2209,2209L   General Ecology and Lab               4 cr
BIOL 3304,3304L   Comparative Vertebrate Morphology
                    and Physiology, and Lab             5 cr
BIOL 3310,3310L   Invertebrate Zoology ,
                    and Lab                             4 cr
BIOL 3324,3324L   Developmental Biology, and Lab        4 cr
BIOL 3316         Biometry Lab                          1 cr
BIOL 3358         Genetics                              3 cr
BIOL 4417         Organic Evolution                     3 cr
BIOL 4491,4492    Seminars                              2 cr
CHEM 1111, 1111L  General Chemistry I, and Lab          5 cr
CHEM 1112, 1112L  General Chemistry II, and Lab         4 cr
CHEM 3301,3303    Organic Chemistry I, and Lab          4 cr
CHEM 3302,3304    Organic Chemistry II, and Lab         4 cr
MATH 1147         Precalculus                           5 cr
MATH 1160         Applied Calculus***                   3 cr
MATH 3350         Statisitical Methods                  3 cr
PHYS 1111,1113    General Physics I, and Lab            4 cr

PHYS 1112,1114    General Physics II, and Lab           4 cr
Electives (upper-division zoology)                      6 cr
Notes:
**Students electing to take MATH 1175 are advised to take MATH 1170 rather than MATH 1160 as the first calculus course.
***
The requirement for MATH 3350 and BIOL 3316 may be satisfied by taking MGT 2216 and MGT 2217. MATH 1153 does not satisfy this requirement.

Students pursuing a Bachelor of Science degree program must satisfy goals 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, two of goals 6, 7, and 8, and three of goals 9, 10, 11 and 12.
Goal 10 may be satisfied by either 10A or 10B.



Minors in Biological Sciences:  Biology, Botany, Ecology, Microbiology, Zoology

 

Minor in Biology

BIOL 1101,1101L    	Biology I, and Lab    			4 cr
BIOL 1102,1102L    	Biology II, and Lab    			4 cr
BIOL 2206,2207    	Cell Biology, and Lab    		4 cr
BIOL 2209,2209L    	General Ecology, and Lab    		4 cr
BIOL 3358    		Genetics    				3 cr
BIOL 4417    		Organic Evolution    			3 cr
Upper division Biology courses    				6-8 cr
        						TOTAL: 29-30 cr

Minor in Botany

BIOL 1101,1101L         Biology I, and Lab                    4 cr
BIOL 1102,1102L         Biology II, and Lab                   4 cr
BIOL 2206,2207          Cell Biology, and Lab                 4 cr
BIOL 2209,2209L         General Ecology, and Lab              4 cr
BIOL 3358               Genetics                              3 cr
BIOL 4417               Organic Evolution                     3 cr
Upper division Botany courses*                              7-8 cr
                                                  TOTAL:  28-30 cr

*BIOL 4481-4482 and BIOL 4491-4492 may not be used without prior approval of the departmental chair or assistant chair.

Minor in Ecology (21 credits)

 BIOL 1101,1101L   	Biology I, and Lab 			 4 cr
BIOL 1102,1102L   Biology II, and Lab 4 cr
BIOL 1192        Ecology Seminar 1 cr
BIOL 2209,2209L   General Ecology, and Lab 4 cr

Any combination of the following courses to total 12 credits:*

BIOL 3320        	Physiological Ecology			3 cr
BIOL 3337        Conservation of Natural Resources 3 cr
BIOL 4408,4408L Plant Ecology, and Lab 3 cr
BIOL 4416,4416L Population Ecology, and Lab 5 cr
BIOL 4418       Ecological Topics                     2 cr
BIOL 4459       Fish Ecology                          4 cr
BIOL 4462,4462L Fresh Water Ecology, and Lab           4 cr
BIOL 4476,4476L Ecology of Water Pollution, and Lab 3 cr
BIOL 4489       Field Ecology                         4 cr

*BIOL 4481-4482 and BIOL 4491-4492 may not be used without prior approval of the departmental chair or assistant chair.





Minor in Microbiology

BIOL 2235, 2235L  	General Microbiology, and Lab		4 cr

Any combination of the following courses to total 14 credits:*

BIOL 3334/CHEM 3335  	Experimental Biochemistry		1 cr
BIOL 3358 Genetics 3 cr
BIOL 4432     Biochemistry     3 cr
BIOL 4433,4433L		Microbial Physiology, and Lab		4 cr
BIOL 4434,4434L		Microbial Diversity, and Lab    	4 cr
BIOL 4437/CHEM 4438	Experimental Biochemistry		1 cr
BIOL 4444, 4444L Molecular Biology, and Lab 4 cr
BIOL 4451,4451L Immunology, and Lab 4 cr
BIOL 4455,4455L		Pathogenic Microbiology, and Lab    	5 cr
BIOL 4461 Advanced Genetics 3 cr
BIOL 4475		General Virology			3 cr
BIOL 4477		Bacterial Virology Laboratory		1 cr
BIOL 4478		Animal Virology Laboratory		1 cr
*BIOL 4481/4482, BIOL 4491/4492, and BIOL 4494 may not be used without prior approval of the departmental chair or assistant chair.



Minor in Zoology

 BIOL 1101,1101L   	Biology I and Lab 			4 cr
BIOL 1102,1102L   Biology II and Lab 4 cr
 BIOL 2206,2207    	Cell Biology, and Lab 			4 cr 
 BIOL 2209,2209L   	General Ecology, and Lab 		4 cr 
 BIOL 4417         	Organic Evolution 			3 cr 
 BIOL 3358  	   	Genetics 				3 cr 
Upper division Zoology courses* 7-8 cr


 TOTAL:  29-30 cr

*BIOL 4481-4482 and BIOL 4491-4492 may not be used without prior approval of the departmental chair or assistant chair.




 

Biological Sciences Courses

BIOL 1100 Concepts Biology: Human Concerns 4 credits. Considers biological issues related to human environment, population, inheritance, and basic concepts of resource conservation. Historical, contemporary and future implications of these issues are discussed. Lectures, laboratories. COREQ: BIOL 1100L. With BIOL 1100L, satisfies Goal 4 of the General Education Requirements.  F, S

BIOL 1100L Concepts Biology: Human Concerns Lab 0 credit. Assignments to apply principles from BIOL 1100. F, S

BIOL 1101 Biology I 4 credits. Major concepts in biology with an emphasis on the acquisition of new knowledge, cell structure and function, principles of inheritance, and evolution. This course is for students majoring in the biological sciences. Lectures, laboratories. With BIOL 1101L, satisfies Goal 4 of the General Education Requirements. F, S

BIOL 1101L Biology I Lab 0 credit. Assignments to apply principles from BIOL 1101. F, S

BIOL 1102 Biology II 4 credits. Major concepts in biology with an emphasis on the development of diversity, plant and animal structure and function, ecology, and behavior. This course is for students majoring in the biological sciences. Lectures, laboratories.  PREREQ: BIOL 1101. COREQ: BIOL 1102L. F, S

BIOL 1102L Biology II Lab 0 credit. Assignments to apply principles from BIOL 1102. F, S

BIOL 1192 Careers in Ecology and Conservation Biology 1 credit. Designed to acquaint majors or interested students with the field of conservation and to provide opportunities for interaction among students, faculty and professionals. S

BIOL 2206 Cell Biology 3 credits. Study of cell structure and function, and experimental techniques used to study cells. Topics include cellular chemistry, expression of genetic information, protein sorting, reproduction, the cytoskeleton, signaling and cancer. PREREQ: BIOL 1101, BIOL 1102, CHEM 1111 and CHEM 1111L. PREREQ OR COREQ: CHEM 1112 and CHEM 1112L. COREQ: BIOL 2207 for majors requiring BIOL 2207. S

BIOL 2207 Cell Biology Laboratory 1 credit.  Experiments applying selected concepts from BIOL 2206. PREREQ: BIOL 1101  and BIOL 1102; one year of college chemistry or permission of instructor. PREREQ OR COREQ: BIOL 2206. S

BIOL 2209 General Ecology 4 credits. Organisms in relation to their environment. Lectures, Laboratories, Field trips. PREREQ: BIOL 1101 and BIOL 1102. COREQ: BIOL 2209L. F

BIOL 2209L General Ecology Laboratory 0 credit. F

BIOL 2214 Spring Flora 2 credits. For those who wish to become acquainted with the common names and habitat of edible, poisonous, native, and cultivated springtime plants of southeast Idaho. Identification and collection techniques are emphasized. S

BIOL 2221 Introductory Microbiology 3 credits. Essential principles of microbiology and an introduction to various applications of economic importance. No credit if taken after BIOL 2235. PREREQ: CHEM 1101 or  CHEM 1111 and CHEM 1111L;  BIOL 1101. COREQ: BIOL 2223. F, S

BIOL 2221L Introductory Microbiology Laboratory 1 credit. PREREQ or COREQ: BIOL 2221. F, S

BIOL 2230 Bioethics 3 credits. Examination of recent advances in biology and medicine in relation to basic ethical theories and traditional value systems. Focuses on human reproduction, genetic engineering, medical care, humans as experimental subjects, environmental issues, and death and dying. D

BIOL 2235 General Microbiology 3 credits. Comparative taxonomy, cytology, physiology, genetics, immunology, and ecology of microorganisms, and a survey of important applications. This course is corequisite for BIOL 2235L. May be repeated upon completion of BIOL 2235L. PREREQ: BIOL 1101 and CHEM 1112.  F, S

BIOL 2235L General Microbiology Laboratory 1 credit. Laboratory exercises covering comparative taxonomy, cytology, physiology, genetics, immunology, and ecology of microorganisms.  PREREQ:  BIOL 1101 and CHEM 3301.  COREQ:  BIOL 2235.  F, S

BIOL 3301 Anatomy and Physiology 4 credits. Structures and functions of integumentary, skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems. PREREQ: BIOL 1101. COREQ: BIOL 3301L. F

BIOL 3301L Anatomy and Physiology Lab 0 credit. F

BIOL 3302 Anatomy and Physiology 4 credits. Structures and functions of circulatory, respiratory, urinary, digestive, endocrine, and reproductive systems. PREREQ: BIOL 1101. COREQ: BIOL 3302L. S

BIOL 3302L Anatomy and Physiology Lab 0 credit. S

BIOL 3303 Principles of Animal Physiology 4 credits. Compares homeostatic processes including ionic and osmotic regulation, nerve and muscle physiology, circulation, and respiration. PREREQ: BIOL 1101 and BIOL 1102, and one year of college chemistry. COREQ: BIOL 3303L. S

BIOL 3303L Principles of Animal Physiology Lab 0 credit. S

BIOL 3304 Comparative Vertebrate Morphology and Physiology 5 credits. Compares the structure and function of organisms including ionic and osmotic regulation, nerve and muscle, skeletal system, circulation, respiration and reproduction.  PREREQ: BIOL 1101 and 1102, and one year of college chemistry.  COREQ: BIOL 3304L. S 

BIOL 3304L Vertebrate Morphology and Physiology Lab 0 credit. Hands-on investigation of the functional morphology and physiology of selected chordates, with representatives including fish, sharks, cats and humans. PREREQ: BIOL 1101 and 1102, and one year of college chemistry.  COREQ: BIOL 3304. S

BIOL 3305 Introduction to Pathobiology 3 credits. Concepts of pathobiology, to include causes, common mechanisms and manifestations of human disease. Patterns of pathogenesis as related to physiological mechanisms are examined. PREREQ:  BIOL 3301 and BIOL 3302. F

BIOL 3307 Radiobiology 2 credits. Online course. Survey of the effects of ionizing radiation on living matter at the subcellular, cellular, and organismal levels. PREREQ:  BIOL 1101, and one of the following: PHYS 1100, PHYS 1111, or PHYS 2211. S

BIOL 3310 Invertebrate Zoology 4 credits. General study of invertebrate animals with laboratory work on representatives of the invertebrate phyla. Field trips. PREREQ: BIOL 1101 and BIOL 1102. COREQ: BIOL 3310L. S

BIOL 3310L Invertebrate Zoology Lab 0 credit. S

BIOL 3315 Introduction to Biometry 3 credits. Concepts of experimental design and microcomputer application of basic statistical techniques to analysis of biological data. Lectures, laboratories. PREREQ: BIOL 1101 and BIOL 1102. COREQ: BIOL 3315L. F, S

BIOL 3315L Introduction to Biometry Lab 0 credit. F, S

BIOL 3316 Biometry Laboratory 1 credit.  Statistical analysis and presentation of data for the biological sciences. This course, which complements MATH 3350, focuses on manipulation, presentation, and analysis of data sets. COREQ: MATH 3350. F, AS

BIOL 3324 Developmental Biology 4 credits. Fundamental principles and concepts of embryological development. Selected model systems will be studied to illustrate basic concepts in development. PREREQ: BIOL 1101 and BIOL 1102. COREQ: BIOL 3324L. S

BIOL 3324L Developmental Biology Lab 0 credit. S

BIOL 3337 Conservation Biology 3 credits. Principles and concepts relevant to man's influence upon his environment, especially through interruption of ecological succession, reduction of diversity in the landscape and pollution, and over-breeding. PREREQ: BIOL 2209 or permission of instructor. S

BIOL 3358 Genetics 3 credits. Basic principles of heredity, variation, and gene expression among eukaryotes, prokaryotes, and viruses. PREREQ: BIOL 2206 or BIOL 2235. F, S

BIOL 4400 Oral Histology and Embryology 3 credits. The microanatomy and formative processes of the teeth and their surrounding structures. Lectures, laboratories. COREQ: BIOL 4400L. S

BIOL 4400L Oral Histology and Embryology Lab 0 credit. S

BIOL 4404 Plant Physiology 3 credits. Study of plant physiological processes with emphasis on plant-environment interactions.  Topics include physiological ecology, water relations, mineral nutrition, photosynthesis, respiration, translocation of photosynthate, secondary compounds and phytohormones. PREREQ: BIOL 1101 and BIOL 1102; one year of college chemistry. AS

BIOL 4404L Plant Physiology Lab 1 credit. AS

BIOL 4405 Plant Form and Function 3 credits. Integrated studies of anatomical and physiological adaptations of plants to their natural environment. Data collection and analysis will be emphasized. PREREQ: BIOL 1102. COREQ:  BIOL 4405L.  AF

BIOL 4405L Plant Form and Function Lab 0 credit. AF

BIOL 4406 Plant Diversity and Evolution 4 credits. Study of the reproduction, structure, development, evolution, and classification of the fungi, algae, bryophytes, and vascular plants. PREREQ: BIOL 1101 and BIOL 1102. COREQ: BIOL 4406L. AF

BIOL 4406L Plant Diversity and Evolution Lab 0 credit. AF

BIOL 4408 Plant Ecology 3 credits. Major factors limiting plant growth and distribution with emphasis on adaptation and response at the individual, population, and community levels. Lectures, laboratories. PREREQ: BIOL 1101 and BIOL 1102.  AF

BIOL 4408L Plant Ecology Lab 1 credit. AF

BIOL 4412 Systematic Botany 4 credits. Study of classification and evolution of flowering plants; techniques of phylogeny reconstruction based on molecular and morphological characters. Collection/identification of local flora. Field trips. PREREQ: BIOL 1101 and BIOL 1102. COREQ: BIOL 4412L. S

BIOL 4412L Systematic Botany Lab 0 credit. S

BIOL 4413 Biology Teaching Methods 3 credits. Designed to help biology teachers plan, teach and evaluate teaching activities. Includes practical experience in a diversity of methods used in science classrooms, and in resources that enhance professional development. Required for secondary teaching majors in biology. PREREQ: 16 credit hours of biology and EDUC 3302, or permission of instructor. F

BIOL 4415 Human Neurobiology 4 credits. Cellular-to-organismal structure and function of the human central nervous system (CNS), and CNS pathologies. PREREQ:  Permission of instructor. S

BIOL 4415L Human Neurobiology Lab 1 credit. Detailed examination of the gross anatomy and pathways of the human central nervous system. PREREQ:  Permission of instructor. S

BIOL 4416 Population Ecology 4 credits. Introduces quantitative analysis of populations, emphasizing demography, distribution, abundance, spatial and temporal dynamics, biodiversity, coexistence, and applications to conservation and land use decision-making. Includes data collection and analysis. PREREQ: BIOL 2209. COREQ: BIOL 4416L. AF

BIOL 4416L Population Ecology Lab 0 credit. AF

BIOL 4417 Organic Evolution 3 credits. An integrated study of evolution as a unifying concept in biology. An examination of patterns and processes that affect the origin and diversification of species through time. PREREQ: BIOL 3358. F, S

BIOL 4418 Ecological Topics 1 credit. Flexible use of seminars, lectures, and laboratory/field work dealing with current issues in ecology. Topic/emphasis varies. May be repeated for up to 3 credits. PREREQ: BIOL 2209 or permission of instructor. F, S

BIOL 4419 Mammalian Histology 4 credits. Study of animal tissues, including structural and functional characteristics of tissues and organs. PREREQ: BIOL 2206, and either (BIOL 3304 and BIOL 3304L) or (BIOL 3301 and BIOL 3302). COREQ: BIOL 4419L. F

BIOL 4419L Mammalian Histology Lab 0 credit. F

BIOL 4420 Musculo-Skeletal Anatomy 2 credits. Study of human body structure emphasizing muscular system and its relationship to axial and appendicular skeleton. Focus is on extremities, thorax, and pelvis with applications toward normal, diseased and rehabilitative functions. PREREQ: BIOL 3301 and BIOL 3302. AS


BIOL 4423 General Parasitology 3 credits. Study of parasitic symbioses of animals, plants and other organisms focusing on concepts, principles, and consequences of such interactions and the coevolutionary processes by which they are created. PREREQ: BIOL 1101 and BIOL 1102. F


BIOL 4426 Herpetology 3 credits. The biology of amphibians and reptiles: lecture topics include evolutionary history, functional morphology, physiological ecology, biogeography, reproductive, and population ecology. Laboratories and field trips cover systematic, natural history, and collecting/sampling techniques. PREREQ: BIOL 2209. COREQ: BIOL 4426L. AS, W

BIOL 4426L Herpetology Lab 1 credit. AS

BIOL 4427 Ichthyology 3 credits. The biology of fishes: lecture topics include evolutionary history, functional morphology, physiological ecology, and biogeography. Laboratory and weekend field trips cover identification, natural history and collecting techniques. Emphasis on Idaho species. PREREQ: BIOL 2209. COREQ: BIOL 4427L. AF


BIOL 4427L Ichthyology Lab 1 credit. AF

BIOL 4428 Medical Parasitology and Entomology 3 credits. Study of animal parasites, with an emphasis on protists, helminths and arthropods affecting human health and welfare by their presence or indirectly via pathogens they transmit. PREREQ: BIOL 1101 and BIOL 1102. COREQ: BIOL 4428L. AF

BIOL 4428L Medical Parasitology and Entomology Lab 0 credit. AF

BIOL 4429 Regional Anatomy and Histology 4 credits. Regional approach to gross human anatomy emphasizing the use of prosected materials and microscopic anatomy. Designed primarily for students in the Physician Assistant Program.  PREREQ: BIOL 3301, BIOL 3302. COREQ: BIOL 4429L. F


BIOL 4429L Regional Anatomy and Histology Lab 0 credit. F

BIOL 4431 General Entomology 3 credits. Structure, development, classification, and life histories of insects, including ecological, economic and management considerations. An insect collection may be required. Field trips. PREREQ: BIOL 1101 and BIOL 1102. COREQ: BIOL 4431L. AF


BIOL 4431L General Entomology Lab 1 credit. AF

BIOL 4432 Biochemistry 3 credits. Comprehensive discussion/presentation of structure, function and metabolism of biological macromolecules and their constituents, including energetics, regulation, and molecular biology, with emphasis on critical analysis of biochemical issues. PREREQ: BIOL 1101 and CHEM 3301. F, S


BIOL 4433 Microbial Physiology 3 credits. Comparative physiology of microorganisms, including structure/function, metabolic diversity, enzymatic mechanisms of microbial metabolism, and physiology of extreme organisms. May be repeated upon completion of BIOL 4433L. PREREQ:  BIOL 2235 and BIOL 2235L, and completion of 90 credits. F

BIOL 4433L  Microbial Physiology Laboratory 1 credit.  Laboratory exercises in comparative physiology of microorganisms.   COREQ:  BIOL g433. 

BIOL 4434 Microbial Diversity 3 credits. Enrichment, cultivation, and isolation of prokaryotes from various metabolic groups and environments. Microorganisms will be identified using classical microbial techniques and modern molecular methodologies. May be repeated upon completion of BIOL 4434L. PREREQ: BIOL 2235, BIOL 2235L,  BIOL 4433, and BIOL 4433L;  BIOL 4432 or BIOL 4445. COREQ:  BIOL 4434L.  S

BIOL 4434L Microbial Diversity Lab 1 credit. Enrichment, cultivation and isolation of prokaryotes from various metabolic groups and environments.  COREQ:  BIOL g434. S

BIOL 4435 Vertebrate Paleontology 4 credits. Phylogenetic history of the vertebrates outlined in the light of morphology, classification, evolution, paleoecology, and the significance of fossils. Field trips. Equivalent to GEOL 4435. PREREQ: GEOL 4431 or (BIOL 3304 and BIOL 3304L) or equivalent. F

BIOL 4437 Experimental Biochemistry 1 credit. Laboratory course including both qualitative and quantitative experiments. Equivalent to CHEM 4438. PREREQ or COREQ: BIOL 4432 or BIOL/CHEM 4445. F, S

BIOL 4438 Ornithology 4 credits. Study of the origin, evolution, structure, habits, adaptations, distribution, and classification of birds. Field trips. PREREQ: BIOL 1101 and BIOL 1102. S

BIOL 4439 Principles of Taphonomy 3 credits. Effects of processes which modify organisms between death and the time the usually fossilized remains are studied. Emphasis on vertebrates. Crosslisted as ANTH 4439, GEOL 4439. PREREQ:  Permission of instructor. AS

BIOL 4440 Human Gross Anatomy 4 credits. Comprehensive regional study of gross human anatomy with emphasis on the upper limb, thorax, abdomen, pelvis, and perineum. Designed for first year dental students and complements BIOL 4450. COREQ: BIOL 4440L. F

BIOL 4440L Human Gross Anatomy Lab 0 credit. F

BIOL 4441 Mammalogy 3 credits. General study of mammals including classification, identification, habits, ecology, economics, and techniques of study, with emphasis on North American forms. Field trips. PREREQ: BIOL 2209. COREQ: BIOL 4441L. AF

BIOL 4441L Mammalogy Lab 1 credit. AF

BIOL 4442 Plant and Animal Interactions 3 credits.  Coevolution of plant and animal form and function emphasizing pollination, herbivory, parasitism, frugivory/seed dispersal, and optimal foraging. PREREQ: BIOL 2209. AF

BIOL 4443 Endocrinology 3 credits. Study of the anatomy and physiology of the ductless glands and the properties and uses of natural and synthetic hormones. PREREQ: BIOL 3304 and BIOL 3304L. AS

BIOL 4444 Cell and Molecular Biology 4 creditsFundamental principles of cell structure, function and  molecular biology: DNA replication, repair, and recombination, transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, RNA metabolism, protein synthesis, targeting and turnover, post-translational modifications, signal transduction, regulation of the cell division cycle, and molecular genetics of development.  May be repeated upon completion of BIOL g444L. PREREQ: BIOL 358 and CHEM 302.  PREREQ OR COREQ:  BIOL g444L. F

BIOL 4444L Cell and Molecular Biology Lab 1 credit Laboratory techniques in cell and molecular biology, including cloning, PCR and DNA sequencing.  COREQ:  BIOL 4444.  F

BIOL 4445 Biochemistry I 3 credits. Introduction to basic aspects of biochemical systems, including fundamental chemical and physical properties of biomolecules. Enzymology, including allosterism, metabolic regulation, bioenergetics, and carbohydrate metabolism. Equivalent to CHEM 4445. PREREQ: BIOL 1101 and CHEM 3301. F

BIOL 4446 Selected Topics in Physiology 1 credit. Selected topics in physiology for dental students: blood coagulation-complement-kinin systems, prostaglandin and related substances, vitamins, steroids, mucopolysaccharides, collagen and other extracellular matrix macromolecules and cyto- and molecular genetics. S

BIOL 4447 Biochemistry II 3 credits. Functional continuation of 4445. Lipid, amino acid, and nucleotide metabolism. Emphasis is on regulation of metabolism, metabolic dysfunctions, biochemical mechanisms of hormone action, biochemical genetics, protein synthesis, and metabolic consequences of genetic defects. Equivalent to CHEM 4447. PREREQ: BIOL/CHEM 4445. S

BIOL 4448 Advanced Experimental Biochemistry 2 credits. Advanced laboratory projects designed to emphasize techniques of qualitative and quantitative biochemical analysis. Equivalent to CHEM 4448. PREREQ: BIOL 4437/CHEM 4438. COREQ: BIOL/CHEM 4447. S

BIOL 4449 Human Physiology I 4 credits. First of a two semester sequence. Physiology of the nervous, muscular, and circulatory systems. Equivalent to PHAR 9949. PREREQ: BIOL 1101 . F

BIOL 4450 Head and Neck Anatomy 3 credits. Comprehensive presentation of the anatomy of the head and neck as it applies to the practice of dentistry. COREQ: BIOL 4450L. S

BIOL 4450L Head and Neck Anatomy Lab 0 credit. S

BIOL 4451 Immunology 3 credits. Study of antigens, antibodies, complement, humoral and cell-mediated immune responses, hypersensitivity, immunodeficiency, autoimmunity, tumor immunology, transplantation, vaccines, infectious disease immunology, and immunodiagnostic assays. PREREQ: BIOL 2221 and BIOL 2221L, or BIOL 2235 and BIOL 2235L. F

BIOL 4451L Immunology Laboratory 1 credit. Selected laboratory experiments to accompany Immunology BIOL 4451. PREREQ or COREQ: BIOL 4451. Open to non-majors by special permission. F

BIOL 4454 Advanced Immunology 3 credits. Detailed study of selected areas of immunobiology. Course content will vary with current demand. Students will lead discussions and present current literature. PREREQ: BIOL 4451 and  permission of instructor. F

BIOL 4455 Pathogenic Microbiology 3 credits. How the medically important bacteria, viruses, and fungi interact with the host to produce disease, including microbe characteristics, pathogenesis, pathological processes, prevention, and treatment methods. PREREQ: BIOL 2221 and BIOL 2221L, or BIOL 2235 and BIOL 2235L. S

BIOL 4455L Pathogenic Microbiology Laboratory 2 credits. Will emphasize procedures for the isolation and identification of pathogenic bacteria. Clinical specimens will be provided for use in identification of unknowns. PREREQ OR COREQ: BIOL 4455. S

BIOL 4456 Human Physiology II 4 credits. Physiology of the respiratory, renal, gastrointestinal, and endocrine systems. Includes studies of acid-base balance. Equivalent to PHAR 9956. PREREQ: BIOL 4449 or equivalent.  S

BIOL 4459 Fish Ecology 3 credits. Study of the behavior, habitat use, population dynamics, and management of freshwater fishes, especially salmon and trout. Laboratory and weekend field trips emphasize sampling techniques and data analysis. PREREQ: BIOL 2209, BIOL 3315, BIOL 4427 recommended. COREQ:  BIOL 4459L.  AF

BIOL 4459L Fish Ecology Laboratory 1 credit. Assignments to apply principles from BIOL 4459. COREQ: BIOL 4459. AF

BIOL 4460 Neuroscience 2 credits. Comprehensive presentation of the anatomy of the central nervous system, the brain and spinal cord. Combined lecture and laboratory demonstration. PREREQ:  Permission of instructor. S

BIOL 4461 Advanced Genetics 3 credits. Detailed and critical consideration of selected genetic topics with emphasis on recent advances. PREREQ: BIOL 3358. S

BIOL 4462 Freshwater Ecology 3 credits. Study of the interaction of physical and biotic factors in aquatic ecosystems. Field trips. PREREQ: BIOL 2209. COREQ: BIOL 4462L.AF

BIOL 4462L Freshwater Ecology Lab 1 credit. AF

BIOL 4463 Human Pathophysiology 4 credits. The study of basic process underlying diseases, with an emphasis on correlating anatomical, functional, and biochemical alterations with clinical manifestations. Laboratory required. PREREQ: BIOL 3301 and BIOL 3302, or permission of instructor. COREQ: BIOL 4463L. F, W

BIOL 4463L Human Pathophysiology Lab 0 credit. F, W

BIOL 4464 Lectures in Human Physiology 4 credits. Physiology of the nervous, muscular, circulatory, respiratory, and excretory systems. PREREQ: BIOL 3301, BIOL 3302, and one year of college chemistry. F

BIOL 4466 Medical Mycology 3 credits. Lecture/laboratory course addressing medically important fungi. Taxonomy, clinical disease, pathogenesis, immunological diagnosis and laboratory identification of contaminants, opportunists, superficial, cutaneous, subcutaneous and systemic mycoses. PREREQ: BIOL 2221 or BIOL 2235. S

BIOL 4469 Special Topics in Microbiology 1-4 credits. Study of selected topics in microbiology. Course contents will vary with topics selected. May be repeated with permission of the department and with different content. PREREQ:  Permission of instructor. F, S

BIOL 4470 Cross-Sectional Anatomy 2 credits. Applied regional anatomy as viewed in sectional planes, emphasizing topographic relationships of organs and surface anatomy, with interpretation of correlated CT and MRI imaging. PREREQ: BIOL 3301 and BIOL 3302. S

BIOL 4471 Fundamentals of Biological Imaging 3 credits. Introduction to optical microscopy with an emphasis on optical image formation, documentation, interpretation and digital image analysis relevant to experimental applications in the biological sciences.  Lecture and laboratory with independent research component. AS(E)

BIOL 4472 Clinical Physiology 2 credits. A survey of selected organ systems with clinical correlations of pathophysiologic states. PREREQ: BIOL 4464. S

BIOL 4473 Applied and Environmental Microbiology 3 credits. Concepts in applied microbiology and microbial ecology, including fermentation, biotechnology, and ecophysiology.  May be repeated upon completion of BIOL  4473L.  PREREQ: BIOL 2235, 2235L. COREQ: BIOL 4473L.  AS

BIOL 4473L Applied Environmental Microbiology Lab 1 credit. Laboratory exercises in applied and environmental microbiology.  COREQ: BIOL 4473.  AS

BIOL 4474 Human Anatomy (Occupational Therapy/Physical Therapy) 5 credits. Applied regional anatomy emphasizing the development, histology and gross anatomy of the musculoskeletal, peripheral nervous, and cardiopulmonary systems. Includes laboratory with cadaver dissection. PREREQ:  Permission of instructor. COREQ: BIOL 4474L. F

BIOL 4474L  Human Anatomy (OT/PT) 0 credit. F

BIOL 4475 General Virology 3 credits. Introduction to the general principles of virology through consideration of structure, genetics, replication and biochemistry of animal and bacterial viruses. PREREQ: Completion of 90 credits. F

BIOL 4476 Ecology of Water Pollution 3 credits. Causes of pollution and their effects on the aquatic environment and its inhabitants. Special consideration given to biological and chemical assessment of pollution in streams. Field and laboratory work. PREREQ: BIOL 4462 or permission of instructor. COREQ: BIOL 4476L. AS

BIOL 4476L Ecology of Water Pollution Lab 0 credit. AS

BIOL 4477 Bacterial Virology Laboratory 1 credit. Designed to acquaint students with the techniques and experimental principles used in the study of bacterial viruses. PREREQ or COREQ: BIOL 4475. S

BIOL 4478 Animal Virology Laboratory 1 credit. Introduces tissue culture methods and other techniques employed in the study of animal viruses. PREREQ or COREQ: BIOL 4475. F

BIOL 4479 Survey of Electron Microscopy 2 credits. Introduction to the potentialities, theory, techniques, and limitations of electron microscopy. The field will be surveyed as a whole, but primary emphasis will be on biological applications. PREREQ:  Permission of instructor. F

BIOL 4481 Independent Problems 1-4 credits. Individual problems will be assigned to students on the basis of interest and previous preparation. May be repeated. PREREQ: A minimum of two courses in biological sciences and permission of the instructor. F, S

BIOL 4482 Independent Problems 1-4 credits. Individual problems will be assigned to students on the basis of interest and previous preparation. May be repeated. PREREQ: A minimum of two courses in biological sciences and permission of the instructor. F, S

BIOL 4486 Human Systemic Physiology 5 credits. One-semester lecture/laboratory human physiology course emphasizing the function and regulation of the muscular, skeletal, circulatory, respiratory, urinary, reproductive, and immune systems. PREREQ: CHEM 1111, CHEM 1111L, CHEM 1112 and CHEM 1112L; BIOL 3301 and BIOL 3302 or equivalent. COREQ: BIOL 4486L. F

BIOL 4486L Human Systemic Physiology Lab 0 credit. F

BIOL 4488 Advanced Radiobiology 3 credits.  An advanced-level class covering aspects of molecular radiobiology, teratogenesis, oncogenesis, and acute radiation illnesses.  It also considers nonstochastic radiation effects and the epidemiology of radiation exposures.  Equivalent to HPHY 4488.  PREREQ: Permission of instructor.  AF

BIOL 4489 Field Ecology 4 credits. An intensive field study of at least one biogeographical region to increase student’s knowledge of, and skill with, field sampling techniques, field-study design, data collection and analysis, and report preparation. Lectures, laboratories. PREREQ: BIOL 2209 and a course in statistics. S

BIOL 4491 Seminar 1 credit. Review of current research and literature in the general fields of biological science. PREREQ: Senior standing or permission of department. F, S

BIOL 4492 Seminar 1 credit. Review of current research and literature in the general fields of biological science. PREREQ: Senior standing or permission of department. F, S

BIOL 4493 Senior Thesis 1-4 credits. This is a course supervised by a committee of at least two faculty members, approved by the department chair. The thesis topic may be interdisciplinary, with four credits conferred by one or more departments. PREREQ: Senior status and permission of department. F, S

BIOL 4494 Seminar in Microbiology 1 credit. Presentation of written and oral review of library research in microbiology and molecular biology by students for discussion with faculty and fellow students. May be repeated for up to 2 credits. F, S

BIOL 4495 Animal Behavior 4 credits. Behavior of animals and the evolutionary mechanisms which dictate behavioral patterns. PREREQ: Upper division or graduate status. AF

BIOL 4496 Ecology Senior Seminar 1 credit. Review of current research in ecology and related areas. Attendance at departmental seminars and written summaries of the seminars required. PREREQ: Senior status with Ecology major, or permission of department.  F, S

BIOL 4497 Workshop 1-2 credits. Workshops aimed at the development and improvement of skills. Does not satisfy requirements for a major or a minor. May be repeated. Graded S/U. D

BIOL 4498 Seminar in Biochemistry 1 credit. Review of current research and literature in the field of biochemistry. Equivalent to CHEM 4498. PREREQ: Senior standing or permission of department. F, S


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